ca. 8000 B.C. Agriculture invented in the area of the Fertile Crescent

The Beginning of Settled Agriculture







8,000 to 6,500 BC






While it is often described as the "Agricultural Revolution," the development of settled societies took several millennia after the first discovery of agriculture. Moreover, this process occurred at different times in different parts of the world based on the domestication of different plants. If one is going to speak in term of revolution, one might better speak in terms of "agricultural revolutions."






c. 10,000 BC: Beginnings of Settled Agriculture






10,000 BC: First agricultural villages


10,000 BC: Invention of the bow and arrow


10,000 BC: Dogs and reindeer are domesticated


10,000 BC: Beginnings of settled agriculture


10,000 BC: Earliest pottery (Japan)


c. 8,000 to 6,500 BC: Settled Agriculture in Mesopotamia






c. 7,000: Beginning of Settled Agricultural Revolution


c. 6,500-5,650 BC: Catal Hulyuk


c. 6,000 BC - c. 2,000 BC: Settled Agriculture in Africa






6,000 BC: Beginning of Settled Agriculture in the Nile River Valley


2,000 BC: Beginning of Settled Agriculture in the Niger River Valley


200 BC: Height of Nok culture


c. 6,000 to 3,000: Settled Agriculture in India






c. 5,000 to 3,000 BC: Settled Agriculture in China






10,000 to 4,000 BC: Painted Pottery Bowl (China)


5,0000 to 2,700 BC: Yangshao culture


3,5000 to 2,000 BC: Longsham culture


6, 000 BC: Village of Ban Po in China


c. 4,000 to 1,000 BC: Settled Agriculture in Europe






ca. 4000 BC: The Culture of Vra


ca. 2000 BC: Stonehenge


c. 3,000 BC to AD 700: Settled Agriculture in the Americas






c. 500 BC to AD 400: Adena and Hopewell Cultures




MA;ADAPTATIONS DUE TO THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION.


In a Nutshell…







-The First Agricultural Revolution


*Simple farming with cultivation, subsistence and sustainable farming, and


shifting cultivation.


*Goes along with the first cities (first urban revolution)


-The Second Agricultural Revolution


*Coincided with the Industrial Revolution


*Farming became mechanized and commercial with the development of new


inventions and technology (tractor, seed drill)


*Goes along with the second stage of the demographic transition


*Goes along with the second urban revolution (massive expansion of cities and urban societies)


-The Third Agricultural Revolution


*More advanced technology is used for farming and to increase farming yields


and/or outputs from the same amount of land—efficient use of land


*Development of genetically engineered crops (GE) or genetically modified


organisms (GMOs)