Oct.20.in history..Wikipaedia

<< October 2011 >> Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 MMXI October 20 in recent years   2011 (Thursday)   2010 (Wednesday)   2009 (Tuesday)   2008 (Monday)   2007 (Saturday)   2006 (Friday)   2005 (Thursday)   2004 (Wednesday)   2003 (Monday)   2002 (Sunday) October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 72 days remaining until the end of the year. Contents  [hide]  1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Holidays and observances 5 External links [edit]Events 1548 – The city of Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Our Lady of Peace) is founded by Alonso de Mendoza by appointment of the king of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. 1720 – Caribbean pirate Calico Jack is captured by the Royal Navy. 1740 – Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony refuse to honour the Pragmatic Sanction and the War of the Austrian Succession begins. 1781 – Patent of Toleration, providing limited freedom of worship, is approved in Habsburg Monarchy. 1803 – The United States Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase. 1818 – The Convention of 1818 signed between the United States and the United Kingdom which, among other things, settled the Canada – United States border on the 49th parallel for most of its length. 1827 – Battle of Navarino – a combined Turkish and Egyptian armada is defeated by British, French, and Russian naval force in the port of Navarino in Pylos, Greece. 1873 – Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules. 1883 – Peru and Chile sign the Treaty of Ancón, by which the Tarapacá province is ceded to the latter, bringing an end to Peru's involvement in the War of the Pacific. 1904 – Chile and Bolivia sign the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, delimiting the border between the two countries. 1910 – The hull of the RMS Olympic, sister-ship to the ill-fated RMS Titanic, is launched from the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland. 1917 – The Military Revolutionary Committee of the Petrograd Soviet, in charge of preparation and carrying out the Russian Revolution, holds its first meeting. 1935 – The Long March ends. 1939 – Pope Pius XII publishes his first major encyclical entitled Summi Pontificatus. 1941 – World War II: Thousands of civilians in Kragujevac in German-occupied Serbia are killed in the Kragujevac massacre. 1943 – The cargo vessel Sinfra is attacked by Allied aircraft at Suda Bay, Crete, and sunk. 2,098 Italian prisoners of war drown with it. 1944 – The Soviet Army and Yugoslav Partisans liberate Belgrade, the capital of Yugoslavia 1944 – Liquid natural gas leaks from storage tanks in Cleveland, then explodes; the explosion and resulting fire level 30 blocks and kill 130. 1944 – General Douglas MacArthur fulfills his promise to return to the Philippines when he commands an Allied assault on the islands, reclaiming them from the Japanese during the Second World War. 1947 – The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its investigation into Communist infiltration of Hollywood, resulting in a blacklist that prevents some from working in the industry for years. 1947 – United States of America and Pakistan establish diplomatic relations for the first time. 1951 – The "Johnny Bright Incident" occurs in Stillwater, Oklahoma 1952 – Governor Evelyn Baring declares a state of emergency in Kenya and begins arresting hundreds of suspected leaders of the Mau Mau Uprising, including Jomo Kenyatta, the future first President of Kenya. 1961 – The Soviet Union performs the first armed test of a submarine-launched ballistic missile, launching an R-13 from a Golf class submarine. 1962 – China launches simultaneous offensives in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line, beginning the Sino-Indian War. 1967 – A purported bigfoot is filmed by Patterson and Gimlin. 1968 – Former First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy marries Greek shipping tycoon Aristotle Onassis. 1970 – Siad Barre declares Somalia a socialist state. 1971 – The Nepal Stock Exchange collapses. 1973 – "Saturday Night Massacre": President Richard Nixon fires U.S. Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus after they refuse to fire Watergate special prosecutor Archibald Cox, who is finally fired by Robert Bork. 1973 – The Sydney Opera House opens. 1976 – The ferry George Prince is struck by a ship while crossing the Mississippi River between Destrehan and Luling, Louisiana. Seventy-eight passengers and crew die and only 18 people aboard the ferry survive. 1977 – A plane carrying Lynyrd Skynyrd crashes in Mississippi, killing lead singer Ronnie Van Zant and guitarist Steve Gaines along with backup singer Cassie Gaines, the road manager, pilot, and co-pilot. 1981 – Two police officers and an armored car guard are killed during an armed robbery in Rockland County, NY, carried out by members of the Black Liberation Army and Weather Underground. 1982 – During the UEFA Cup match between FC Spartak Moscow and HFC Haarlem, 66 people are crushed to death in the Luzhniki disaster. 1991 – The Oakland Hills firestorm kills 25 and destroys 3,469 homes and apartments, causing more than $2 billion in damage. 1991 – A 6.8 Mw earthquake strikes the Uttarkashi region of India, killing more than 1,000 people. 2011 – Muammar Gaddafi is killed. 2011 – ETA announced a "definitive cessation of its armed activities". [edit]Births 1463 – Alessandro Achillini, Italian philosopher (d. 1512) 1496 – Claude, Duke of Guise, French soldier (d. 1550) 1616 – Thomas Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician, and theologian (d. 1680) 1620 – Aelbert Cuyp, Dutch painter (d. 1691) 1632 – Sir Christopher Wren, English architect (d. 1723) 1656 – Nicolas de Largillière, French painter (d. 1746) 1660 – Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English statesman (d. 1723) 1677 – Stanisław I Leszczyński, King of Poland (d. 1766) 1700 – Charlotte Aglaé of Orléans, Duchess of Modena (d. 1761) 1711 – Timothy Ruggles, American politician (d. 1795) 1719 – Gottfried Achenwall, German statistician (d. 1772) 1740 – Isabelle de Charrière, Dutch writer (d. 1805) 1759 – Chauncey Goodrich, American politician (d. 1815) 1780 – Pauline Bonaparte, sister of Napoleon Bonaparte (d. 1825) 1784 – Henry Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, British statesman (d. 1865) 1785 – George Ormerod, British historian and antiquarian (d. 1873) 1801 – Melchior Berri, Swiss architect (d. 1854) 1808 – Karl Andree, German geographer (d. 1875) 1819 – Báb, Persian founder of Bábism and a central figure in the Bahá'í Faith (d. 1850) 1819 – Carl Mikuli, Polish pianist (d. 1897) 1822 – Thomas Hughes, English novelist (d. 1896) 1832 – Constantin Lipsius, German architect (d. 1894) 1854 – Arthur Rimbaud, French poet (d. 1891) 1858 – John Burns, English politician (d. 1943) 1859 – John Dewey, American philosopher (d. 1952) 1864 – James F. Hinkle, American politician (d. 1951) 1873 – Nellie McClung, Canadian feminist (d. 1951) 1874 – Charles Ives, American composer (d. 1954) 1882 – Bela Lugosi, Hungarian-born American actor (d. 1956) 1889 – Margaret Dumont, American actress (d. 1965) 1891 – James Chadwick, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974) 1891 – Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan politician (d. 1978) 1893 – Charley Chase, American comedian (d. 1940) 1894 – Olive Thomas, American actress (d. 1920) 1895 – Rex Ingram, American actor (d. 1969) 1897 – Crown Prince Euimin of Korea (d. 1970) 1900 – Wayne Morse, American politician (d. 1974) 1904 – Anna Neagle, English actress (d. 1986) 1904 – Tommy Clement Douglas, Canadian politician (d. 1986) 1905 – Arnold Luhaäär, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1965) 1905 – Frederic Dannay, American novelist (d. 1982) 1907 – Arlene Francis, American actress and television personality (d. 2001) 1909 – Sugiyama Yasushi, Japanese painter (d. 1993) 1909 – Carla Laemmle, American actress 1910 – Bob Sheppard, American sports public address announcer (d. 2010) 1913 – Grandpa Jones, American banjo player and singer (d. 1998) 1913 – J. Michael Hagopian, Turkish-born American documentarian (d. 2010) 1914 – Fayard Nicholas, American dancer (d. 2006) 1917 – Jean-Pierre Melville, French director (d. 1973) 1918 – Robert Lochner, German journalist (d. 2003) 1919 – Tracy Hall, American inventor (d. 2008) 1921 – Hans Warren, Dutch writer (d. 2001) 1922 – John Anderson, American actor (d. 1992) 1923 – Robert Craft, American conductor 1925 – Art Buchwald, American humorist (d. 2007) 1925 – Tom Dowd, American recording engineer (d. 2002) 1925 – Roger Hanin, French actor 1927 – Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, Indian poet (d. 2007) 1931 – Richard Caliguiri, American politician (d. 1988) 1931 – Mickey Mantle, American baseball player (d. 1995) 1932 – Rosey Brown, American football player (d. 2004) 1932 – William Christopher, American actor 1934 – Bill Chase, American trumpet player (d. 1974) 1934 – Eddie Harris, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1996) 1934 – Empress Michiko of Japan 1935 – Jerry Orbach, American actor (d. 2004) 1935 – Barrie Chase, American dancer 1937 – Juan Marichal, Dominican baseball player 1937 – Wanda Jackson, American rock and rockabilly singer 1938 – Iain Macmillan, Scottish photographer (d. 2006) 1940 – Kathy Kirby, British singer (d. 2011) 1940 – Robert Pinsky, American poet and Poet Laureate of the United States 1942 – Earl Hindman, American actor (d. 2003) 1942 – Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, German biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1942 – Bart Zoet, Dutch cyclist (d. 1992) 1943 – Dunja Vejzovic, Croatian soprano 1944 – David Mancuso, American disc jockey 1944 – Nalin de Silva, Sri Lankan theoretical physicist and political analyst 1946 – Lewis Grizzard, American writer and humorist (d. 1994) 1946 – Elfriede Jelinek, Austrian writer, Nobel Prize laureate 1946 – Richard Loncraine, British film director 1946 – Lucien Van Impe, Belgian cyclist 1948 – Piet Hein Donner, Dutch politician and minister 1948 – Melih Gökçek, Turkish politician 1950 – Tom Petty, American musician 1951 – Patrick Hall, British politician 1951 – Leif Pagrotsky, Swedish politician 1951 – Claudio Ranieri, Italian football player and manager 1951 – Ken Ham, Australian evangelist and businessman 1951 – Al Greenwood, American rock musician (Foreigner) 1952 – Melanie Mayron, American actress 1953 – Keith Hernandez, American baseball player 1953 – Bill Nunn, American actor 1954 – Steve Orich, American composer 1954 – Günter Müller, German percussionist 1955 – Robert ten Brink, Dutch TV personality and actor 1955 – Thomas Newman, American composer 1955 – David Profumo, English novelist 1955 – Aaron Pryor, American boxer 1956 – Danny Boyle, English film director 1957 – Susanna Haavisto, Finnish actress and singer 1957 – Hilda Solis, American politician 1957 – Chris Cowdrey, English cricketer 1958 – Valerie Faris, American film director 1958 – Lynn Flewelling, American fantasy author 1958 – Scott Hall, American professional wrestler 1958 – Mark King, English musician and singer (Level 42) 1958 – Dave Krieg, American football player 1958 – Viggo Mortensen, American actor 1958 – Ivo Pogorelic, Croatian pianist 1958 – Dave Finlay, Irish professional wrestler 1959 – Mark Little, Australian actor and comedian 1960 – Konstantin Aseev, Russian chess player (d. 2004) 1960 – Lepa Brena, Yugoslav singer 1961 – Ian Rush, Welsh footballer 1961 – Michie Tomizawa, Japanese voice actress 1962 – David M. Evans, American screenwriter and film director 1962 – Dave Wong, Hong Kong/Taiwanese singer-songwriter 1963 – Julie Payette, Canadian astronaut 1963 – Nikos Tsiantakis, Greek footballer 1963 – Stan Valckx, Dutch retired footballer and general football manager 1965 – Norman Blake, Scottish musician 1965 – Jil Caplan, French singer and songwriter 1965 – Mikhail Shtalenkov, Russian ice hockey player 1965 – William Zabka, American actor 1966 – Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, Jordanian militant and Al-Qaeda figure (d. 2006) 1966 – Allan Donald, South African cricketer 1966 – Fred Coury, American drummer (Cinderella) 1966 – Stefan Raab, German entertainer 1966 – Patrick Volkerding, American computer operating systems developer 1967 – Luigi Lo Cascio, Italian actor 1967 – Elizabeth Carling, English actress and singer 1967 – Luck Mervil, Québécois actor and singer 1967 – Marco Ngai, Hong Kong actor 1968 – Susan Tully, English actress (Eastenders) 1969 – Juan González, Puerto Rican baseball player 1969 – Laurie Daley, Australian rugby league footballer 1969 – Lambros Papakostas, Greek high jumper 1970 – Chavo Guerrero, Jr., American professional wrestler 1970 – Michelle Malkin, American political commentator and author 1970 – Sander Boschker, Dutch footballer 1971 – Dannii Minogue, Australian singer 1971 – Snoop Dogg, American rapper 1971 – Matt Norman, Australian director/producer 1971 – Eddie Jones, American basketball player 1971 – Kamiel Maase, Dutch long-distance runner 1972 – Pie Geelen, Dutch swimmer 1972 – Will Greenwood, England rugby union player 1976 – Nikolaos Bacharidis, Greek footballer 1976 – Tom Wisniewski, American guitarist (MxPx) 1976 – Nicola Legrottaglie, Italian footballer 1977 – Matt Jansen, English footballer 1977 – Leila Josefowicz, Canadian classical violinist 1977 – Sam Witwer, American actor 1978 – Virender Sehwag, Indian cricketer 1978 – Paul Wilson, Scottish bass player (Snow Patrol) 1979 – Paul Ifill, Barbadian footballer 1979 – John Krasinski, American actor 1979 – Paul O'Connell, Irish rugby player 1980 – Gary Jarman, English musician 1980 – Niall Matter, Canadian actor 1980 – Jose Veras, Dominican baseball player 1981 – Willis McGahee, American football player 1981 – Dimitrios Papadopoulos, Greek footballer 1981 – Francisco Javier Rodríguez, Mexican footballer 1982 – Yasser Al-Qahtani, Saudi footballer 1982 – Kristian Bak Nielsen, Dutch footballer 1982 – Becky Brewerton, Welsh golfer 1983 – Luis Saritama, Ecuadorian footballer 1983 – Takayuki Yamada, Japanese actor 1984 – Florent Sinama-Pongolle, French footballer 1984 – Andrew Trimble, Northern Irish rugby player 1985 – Jennifer Nicole Freeman, American actress 1985 – Alphonso Smith, American football player 1985 – Dominic McGuire, American basketball player 1985 – James Sutton, British racing driver 1986 – Priyanka Sharma, Indian actress 1986 – Wanlop Saechio, Thai Port football player 1987 – Raphael Hackl, German rugby player 1988 – Risa Niigaki, Japanese singer (Morning Musume) 1988 – Candice Swanepoel, South African model 1989 – Colin Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player 1992 – Ksenia Semenova, Russian gymnast 1994 – Morgan Featherstone, Australian model 1995 – Zhenwei Wang, Chinese actor and martial artist [edit]Deaths 460 – Aelia Eudocia, Byzantine Empress 1139 – Henry X, Duke of Bavaria 1570 – João de Barros, Portuguese historian (b. 1496) 1631 – Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1550) 1640 – John Ball, English Puritan clergyman (b. 1585) 1652 – Antonio Coello, Spanish writer (b. 1611) 1713 – Archibald Pitcairne, Scottish physician (b. 1652) 1740 – Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1685) 1842 – Grace Darling, English heroine (b. 1815) 1865 – Champ Ferguson, Confederate guerrilla (b. 1821) 1870 – Michael William Balfe, Irish composer (b. 1808) 1890 – Sir Richard Francis Burton, British explorer and writer (b. 1821) 1900 – Naim Frashëri, Albanian poet (b. 1846) 1907 – Said Pasha Kurd, Kurdish statesman (b. 1834) 1910 – David B. Hill, Governor of New York (b. 1843) 1926 – Eugene Debs, American labor leader and Socialist presidential candidate (b. 1855) 1935 – Arthur Henderson, Scottish politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1863) 1936 – Anne Sullivan, American teacher (b. 1866) 1940 – Gunnar Asplund, Swedish architect (b. 1885) 1953 – Werner Baumbach, German bomber pilot (b. 1916) 1957 – Michalis Dorizas, Greek Olympic medalist (b. 1890) 1964 – Herbert Hoover, 31st President of the United States (b. 1874) 1967 – Yoshida Shigeru, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1878) 1968 – Bud Flanagan, British wartime entertainer (b. 1896) 1972 – Harlow Shapley, American astronomer (b. 1885) 1977 – Members of the American rock group Lynyrd Skynyrd killed in a plane crash: Cassie Gaines (b. 1948) Steve Gaines (b. 1949) Ronnie Van Zant (b. 1948) 1978 – Gunnar Nilsson, Swedish race car driver (b. 1948) 1983 – Peter Dudley, British actor (b. 1935) 1983 – Yves Thériault, French Canadian author (b. 1915) 1984 – Carl Ferdinand Cori, Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896) 1984 – Paul Dirac, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902) 1987 – Andrey Kolmogorov, Russian mathematician (b. 1903) 1988 – Sheila Scott, English aviatrix (b. 1922) 1989 – Anthony Quayle, English actor (b. 1913) 1990 – Joel McCrea, American actor (b. 1905) 1992 – Werner Torkanowsky, German conductor (b. 1926) 1993 – Sugiyama Yasushi, Japanese painter (b. 1909) 1994 – Burt Lancaster, American actor (b. 1913) 1995 – Christopher Stone, American actor (b. 1942) 1999 – Calvin Griffith, Former owner of Washington Senators/Minnesota Twins (b. 1911) 1999 – Jack Lynch, Taoiseach of Ireland (b. 1917) 2001 – Ted Ammon, American financier (b. 1949) 2002 – Barbara Berjer, American actress (b. 1920) 2002 – Bernard Fresson, French actor (b. 1931) 2003 – Jack Elam, American actor (b. 1918) 2003 – Miodrag Petrović, Serbian actor (b. 1924) 2004 – Anthony Hecht, American poet (b. 1923) 2004 – Chuck Hiller, American baseball player (b. 1934) 2005 – Shirley Horn, American singer (b. 1934) 2005 – Endon Mahmood, First Lady of Malaysia (b. 1941) 2005 – Eva Svankmajerova, Czech artist (b. 1940) 2006 – Jane Wyatt, American actress (b. 1910) 2007 – Max McGee, American football player (b. 1932) 2007 – Paul Raven, British bass-player (Killing Joke, Ministry) (b. 1961) 2008 – Gene Hickerson, American football player (b. 1935) 2010 – Bob Guccione, American publisher (Penthouse magazine) (b. 1930) 2010 – Parthasarathy Sharma, Indian cricketer (b. 1948) 2011 – Moammar Gadhafi, Ruler of Libya (b. 1942) [edit]Holidays and observances Birth of the Báb (Bahá'í Faith) Christian Feast Day: Acca of Hexham Andrew of Crete Artemius Caprasius of Agen Irene of Tomar John Cantius (Extraordinary Form, celebrated by Traditionalist Catholic) October 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) Kenyatta Day (Kenya) Revolution Day, one of the two Patriotic Days (Guatemala) World Osteoporosis