1. When was the Olympic flag created?
The Olympic flag, created in 1913 at the suggestion of Baron Pierre de Coubertin, was solemnly inaugurated it Paris in June 1914, but, it was raised over an Olympic stadium for the first time at the Antwerp Games in 1920. There is also a second Olympic flag is made of white silk and contains five intertwined rings. From left to right the rings are blue yellow, black, green and red. The rings are meant to recall the five continents. At least one of these colours is found on the flag of every country.
2. How did arithmetical numbers come into existence? Where was ‘zero’ invented?
The arithmetical numbers, which are universal today, were first invented system in India. This is known as Hindu numeral system. It simplified calculations by marking the values of a number depend on its position as well as the number itself. In the number 444, the single figure 4 represents 400, 40 and 4, and the whole number is the sum of these values. In contrast, the Romans used symbols whose values were the same irrespective of their positions.
Hindu numeral system included a zero. So, zero was first invented in India. Zero revolutionised arithmetical calculations and the numeral system. It was adopted by the Arabs and then reached Europe
3. What are the viruses and bacteria?
Viruses and bacteria are the smallest living things. Viruses have no cell walls and can only work properly inside the cells of other living organisms. Bacteria are larger than viruses and can exist by themselves.
A virus is made up of a protean coat wrapped around a small amount of DNA or RNA. It can reproduce itself but only when it is inside a living cell. Versus are, there fore, on the borderline between living and non-living things. When they invade cells they usually cause disease.
Bacteria are tiny, single-celled organisms. Some are round, others are rod-shaped and some even look like cork-screws.
Some bacteria cause disease but many other are useful. A large number feed by breaking down dead plant and animal matter. They release chemicals into the soil that can be used by plants.
4. Why is it harmful to see solar eclipse with naked eye?
Doctors always warn people, especially children, against watching the solar eclipse, either directly or through smoking glasses or even in shallow water as in utensil. The harmful rays in the sunlight (infrared rays) are at the maximum during the eclipse and it burns the most sensitive part of retina, forea and macula, leading to irreversible loss of eyesight.
The surface of the sun is about four times as hot as a furnace. The lens or cornea in our eyes acts like a burning-glass. If one looks straight at the sun, the lens will be destroyed for life. Even if we look at the sun through smoked glass, the sun may look dim, but the dangerous heat rays can still pass through. Whenever there is an eclipse of the sun, some people are blinded because they take foolish risks of this sort.
The Olympic flag, created in 1913 at the suggestion of Baron Pierre de Coubertin, was solemnly inaugurated it Paris in June 1914, but, it was raised over an Olympic stadium for the first time at the Antwerp Games in 1920. There is also a second Olympic flag is made of white silk and contains five intertwined rings. From left to right the rings are blue yellow, black, green and red. The rings are meant to recall the five continents. At least one of these colours is found on the flag of every country.
2. How did arithmetical numbers come into existence? Where was ‘zero’ invented?
The arithmetical numbers, which are universal today, were first invented system in India. This is known as Hindu numeral system. It simplified calculations by marking the values of a number depend on its position as well as the number itself. In the number 444, the single figure 4 represents 400, 40 and 4, and the whole number is the sum of these values. In contrast, the Romans used symbols whose values were the same irrespective of their positions.
Hindu numeral system included a zero. So, zero was first invented in India. Zero revolutionised arithmetical calculations and the numeral system. It was adopted by the Arabs and then reached Europe
3. What are the viruses and bacteria?
Viruses and bacteria are the smallest living things. Viruses have no cell walls and can only work properly inside the cells of other living organisms. Bacteria are larger than viruses and can exist by themselves.
A virus is made up of a protean coat wrapped around a small amount of DNA or RNA. It can reproduce itself but only when it is inside a living cell. Versus are, there fore, on the borderline between living and non-living things. When they invade cells they usually cause disease.
Bacteria are tiny, single-celled organisms. Some are round, others are rod-shaped and some even look like cork-screws.
Some bacteria cause disease but many other are useful. A large number feed by breaking down dead plant and animal matter. They release chemicals into the soil that can be used by plants.
4. Why is it harmful to see solar eclipse with naked eye?
Doctors always warn people, especially children, against watching the solar eclipse, either directly or through smoking glasses or even in shallow water as in utensil. The harmful rays in the sunlight (infrared rays) are at the maximum during the eclipse and it burns the most sensitive part of retina, forea and macula, leading to irreversible loss of eyesight.
The surface of the sun is about four times as hot as a furnace. The lens or cornea in our eyes acts like a burning-glass. If one looks straight at the sun, the lens will be destroyed for life. Even if we look at the sun through smoked glass, the sun may look dim, but the dangerous heat rays can still pass through. Whenever there is an eclipse of the sun, some people are blinded because they take foolish risks of this sort.
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