Nobel Prizw in Medicine 1913..Work on allergies causing death

Charles Robert Richet

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1913 was awarded to Charles Richet "in recognition of his work on anaphylaxis".

Mendel, Gregor Johann (1822-84): Founder of the facts of Inheritance

Mendel, Gregor Johann (1822-84):

Mendel was an Austrian biologist, who, through his remarkable researches on hybridity in plants, established that there does exist, in living things, dominant and recessive characters (Mendelian Law). "His principle of factorial inheritance and the quantitative investigation of single characters have been the basis of modern genetics." (Chambers.) From this theory of heredity came the theory of organic evolution, which in turn led to an understanding of "the language of the bees, the homing of birds and the behaviour of apes, - leading towards a comprehensive picture of the evolution, the individual development and the working of mind.

Interesting Facts about India

• India never invaded any country in her last 100000 years of history.
• When many cultures were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilization)
• The name 'India' is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu.
• The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name 'Hindustan' combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.
• Chess was invented in India.
• Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus are studies, which originated in India.
• The 'Place Value System' and the 'Decimal System' were developed in India in 100 B.C.
• The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara Temple at Tanjavur, Tamil Nadu. The shikhara of the temple is made from a single 80-tonne piece of granite. This magnificent temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola.
• India is the largest democracy in the world, the 7^th largest Country in the world, and one of the most ancient civilizations.
• The game of Snakes & Ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat'. The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. In time, the game underwent several modifications, but its meaning remained the same, i.e. good deeds take people to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.
• The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893 after leveling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.
• India has the largest number of Post Offices in the world.
• The largest employer in India is the Indian Railways, employing over a million people.
• The world's first university was established in Takshila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
• Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to mankind. The Father of Medicine, Charaka, consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago.
• India was one of the richest countries till the time of British rule in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus, attracted by India's wealth, had come looking for a sea route to India when he discovered America by mistake.
• The Art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh over 6000 years ago. The very word Navigation is derived from the Sanskrit word 'NAVGATIH'. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'.
• Bhaskaracharya rightly calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the Sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. According to his calculation, the time taken by the Earth to orbit the Sun was 365.258756484 days.
• The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, long before the European mathematicians.
• Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus also originated in India.Quadratic Equations were used by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10*53 (i.e. 10 to the power of 53) with specific names as early as 5000 B.C.during the Vedic period.Even today, the largest used number is Terra: 10*12(10 to the power of 12).
• Until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds in the world
  (Source: Gemological Institute of America).
• The Baily Bridge is the highest bridge in the world. It is located in the Ladakh valley between the Dras and Suru rivers in the Himalayan mountains. It was built by the Indian Army in August 1982.
• Sushruta is regarded as the Father of Surgery. Over2600 years ago Sushrata & his team conducted complicated surgeries like cataract, artificial limbs, cesareans, fractures, urinary stones, plastic surgery and brain surgeries.
• Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient Indian medicine. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, embryology, digestion, metabolism,physiology, etiology, genetics and immunity is also found in many ancient Indian texts.
• India exports software to 90 countries.
• The four religions born in India - Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, are followed by 25% of the world's population.
• Jainism and Buddhism were founded in India in 600 B.C. and 500 B.C. respectively.
• Islam is India's and the world's second largest religion.
• There are 300,000 active mosques in India, more than in any other country, including the Muslim world.
• The oldest European church and synagogue in India are in the city of Cochin. They were built in 1503 and 1568 respectively.
• Jews and Christians have lived continuously in India since 200 B.C. and 52 A.D. respectively
• The largest religious building in the world is Angkor Wat, a Hindu Temple in Cambodia built at the end of the 11th century.
• The Vishnu Temple in the city of Tirupathi built in the 10th century, is the world's largest religious pilgrimage destination. Larger than either Rome or Mecca, an average of 30,000 visitors donate $6 million (US) to the temple everyday.
• Sikhism originated in the Holy city of Amritsar in Punjab. Famous for housing the Golden Temple, the city was founded in 1577.
• Varanasi, also known as Benaras, was called "the Ancient City" when Lord Buddha visited it in 500 B.C., and is the oldest, continuously inhabited city in the world today.
• India provides safety for more than 300,000 refugees originally from Sri Lanka, Tibet, Bhutan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh, who escaped to flee religious and political persecution.
• His Holiness, the Dalai Lama, the exiled spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhists, runs his government in exile from Dharmashala in northern India.
• Martial Arts were first created in India, and later spread to Asia by Buddhist missionaries.
• Yoga has its origins in India and has existed for over 5,000 years.

Everything You Wanted To Know About Beer

Everything You Wanted To Know About Beer

Beer: love it or hate it, it's a universal passtime. We like to think of it as fully American, but it originated far in the past and was carried through the ages. Next time you want to wow your friends and colleagues, just jump back to this list of fun and useful beer trivia and facts:

• The first consumer protection law ever written was enacted over beer by Duke Wilhelm IV of Bavaria in 1516. It was a purity law limiting the ingredients of beer to barley, hops and water.

• Tegestology is what collecting beer mats is called.

• Beer is the second most popular beverage in the world, coming in behind tea.

• Pabst Beer is now called Pabst Blue Ribbon beer because it was the first beer to win a blue ribbon at the Chicago World’s Fair in 1893.
• To get rid of the foam at the top of beer (the head), stick your fingers in it.

• Monks brewing beer in the Middle Ages were allowed to drink five quarts of beer a day.

• Bavaria still defines beer as a staple food.

• To keep your beer glass or mug from sticking to your bar napkin, sprinkle a little salt on the napkin before you set your glass down.

• The oldest known written recipe is for beer.

• The Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock because of beer. They had planned to sail further south to a warm climate, but had run out of beer on the journey.

• Anheuser-Busch is the largest brewery in the US.
• The longest bar in the world is the 684 foot long New Bulldog in Rock Island, IL.

• The powers that be at Guinness say that a pint of beer is lifted about ten times, and each time about 0.56 ml is lost in a beer drinker’s facial hair. That’s a lot of wasted beer!

• As of 2001, 62% of Americans reported using a designated driver at least once.
• Molson, Inc. is the oldest brewery in North America.

• Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) was elected in 1932 because of his promise to end Prohibition.

• The first United States Marine Recruiting Station was in a bar.

• The first brewery in America was built in Hoboken, NJ in 1642.
• In 1935 the canned beer industry was revolutionized by a vinyl plastic liner developed for cans made out of tin.
• The movie The Shawshank Redemption got their period beer containers wrong. The prisoners on the roof drank beer out of bottles in the 1930s, when beer was canned until many years later.
• Tossing salted peanuts in a glass of beer makes the peanuts dance.

• Samuel Adams Triple Bock is the strongest beer in the world with 17% alcohol by volume. The strength is achieved by using champagne yeast.

• In Japan, beer is sold in vending machines, by street vendors and in the train stations.

• Bourbon is the official alcohol of the United States, by an act of Congress. Many people have attempted to have that overturned in favor of beer instead throughout the years.

• Many actors started out as bartenders: Sandra Bullock, Bruce Willis, Tom Arnold, Chevy Chase, Kris Kristofferson and Bill Cosby are a few of these.

• American beer is made mostly by rice, unlike the beers of other countries. This was invented to give American beer a lighter taste and tap into the market of women buyers.

• Michelob was invented during a brewer’s strike in the 1930s from a recipe tossed together by the untrained workers left behind to run the brewery. It was so bad local taverns tossed their delivered barrels in the gutter until the streets ran with beer. When the strike was over, the brewery didn’t want to lose all that beer, no matter how bad, so they repackaged it and sold it as Michelob.
• Beer is a source of B- complex vitamins.
• If you collect beer bottles your are a labeorphilist.

• The portable beer cooler was invented in Australia in the 1950s.

Facts for Beer lovers

Awesome Facts Only For Beer Lovers

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Anger..the emotion to be avoided!

The Law Of The Garbage Truck

One day I hopped in a taxi and we took off for the airport. We were driving in the right lane when suddenly a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us.

My taxi driver slammed on his breaks, skidded, and missed the other car by just inches! The driver of the other car whipped his head around and started yelling at us. My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy. And I mean, he was really friendly.

So I asked, 'Why did you just do that? This guy almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital!' This is when my taxi driver taught me what I now call, 'The Law of the Garbage Truck.'

He explained that many people are like garbage trucks. They run around full of garbage, full of frustration, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump it and sometimes they'll dump it on you.

Don't take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. Don't take their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home or on the streets.

The bottom line is that successful people do not let garbage trucks take over their day. Life's too short to wake up in the morning with regrets, so..... 'Love the people who treat you right.. Pray for the ones who don't.'

Life is ten percent what you make it and ninety percent how you take it.

 

Our perception conts...Birbal to Akbar

Akbar said to Birbal, “We Muslim’s have Allah, Christians have Christ, Buddhists have Buddha. But you Hindus worship so many Gods. Why is it so?

Birbal said : ” God is one but His names are many.”

Akbar: “How is it possible? How can God assume so many forms and yet only be one?”

Birbal summoned a servant who was wearing a turban. He pointed to it and said: “What is that?”

Servant said: “A turban”

Birbal: “Untie it, roll it and. tie it to your waist”

When he had done so, Birbal asked, “What is that”

Servant answered: “A kamarbhand”

Birbal, turning to Akbar. “You have seen how the same cloth acquires different names when performing different functions. So also water can be a cloud when in sky; it is rain when it falls to earth; it is river when it flows, ice when it freezes.

Similarly God is one but is called by different names by different people

Moral

We name things according to our own perceptions. It is important to bear in mind that the name is not the thing named. Just as map is not the territory it refers to. Sometime it is useful to think and view a thing in entirely apart from its name or utility.

As far as the God is concerned we give forms to Him according to our perception.

The Words Of Mother Teresa

The Words Of Mother Teresa

The common theme of Mother Teresa words reflect her work with the lonely, the sick, the dying and the destitute. Her unending love came through in her work and in her words.

She was forever compassionate towards the loneliness felt by “wealthy” people, who on the surface had it all. She was also very concerned about the breakdown of families.

Here is a collection of her words which say it all:

• Every time you smile at someone, it is an action of love, a gift to that person, a beautiful thing.
  
  
• I have found the paradox, that if you love until it hurts, there can be no more hurt, only more love.
  
  
• If we want a love message to be heard, it has got to be sent out. To keep a lamp burning, we have to keep putting oil in it.
  
  
• Do not think that love, in order to be genuine, has to be extraordinary. What we need is to love without getting tired.
  
  
• Everybody today seems to be in such a terrible rush, anxious for greater developments and greater riches and so on, so that children have very little time for their parents, parents have very little time for each other, and in the home begins the disruption of peace of the world.
  
  
• It is easy to love the people far away. It is not always easy to love those close to us. It is easier to give a cup of rice to relieve hunger than to relieve the loneliness and pain of someone unloved in our own home. Bring love into your home for this is where our love for each other must start.
  
  
• If you can’t feed a hundred people, then feed just one.
  
  
• Even the rich are hungry for love, for being cared for, for being wanted, for having someone to call their own.
  
• Let us always meet each other with smile, for the smile is the beginning of love.
  
  
• Loneliness and the feeling of being unwanted is the most terrible poverty.
  
  
• Love begins at home, and it is not how much we do... but how much love we put in that action.
  
  
• Peace begins with a smile.
  
  
• Spread love everywhere you go. Let no one ever come to you without leaving happier.
  
• The biggest disease today is not leprosy or tuberculosis, but rather the feeling of being unwanted.
  
  
• The most terrible poverty is loneliness and the feeling of being unloved.
  
  
• The hunger for love is much more difficult to remove than the hunger for bread.
  
  
• The success of love is in the loving - it is not in the result of loving. Of course it is natural in love to want the best for the other person, but whether it turns out that way or not does not determine the value of what we have done.
  
  
• There is more hunger in the world for love and appreciation in this world than for bread. We think sometimes that poverty is only being hungry, naked and homeless. The poverty of being unwanted, unloved and uncared for is the greatest poverty. We must start in our own homes to remedy this kind of poverty.
  
• Being unwanted, unloved, uncared for, forgotten by everybody, I think that is a much greater hunger, a much greater poverty than the person who has nothing to eat.
  
  
• Good works are links that form a chain of love.
  
  
• In this life we cannot do great things. We can only do small things with great love.

Mother Teresa’s message of love and hope lives on - it is now up to all of us to continue her work and make the world a better place.

543 Nobel Prizes!..1901 to 2010

543 Nobel Prizes!

Between 1901 and 2010, the Nobel Prizes and the Prize in Economic Sciences were awarded 543 times. There have been a few years in which the Nobel Prize was not awarded, particularly during World War I and II. In the statutes of the Nobel Foundation it says: "If none of the works under consideration is found to be of the importance indicated in the first paragraph, the prize money shall be reserved until the following year. If, even then, the prize cannot be awarded, the amount shall be added to the Foundation's restricted funds."

	Awarded to one Laureate	Shared by two Laureates	Shared by three Laureates
Physics	47	29	28
Chemistry	62	22	18
Medicine	38	31	32
Literature	99	4	-
Peace	62	28	1
Economic Sciences	22	15	5
Total number:	330	129	84

Why is that? In the statutes of the Nobel Foundation it says: "A prize amount may be equally divided between two works, each of which is considered to merit a prize. If a work that is being rewarded has been produced by two or three persons, the prize shall be awarded to them jointly. In no case may a prize amount be divided between more than three persons."

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The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1911

Allvar Gullstrand

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1911 was awarded to Allvar Gullstrand "for his work on the dioptrics of the eye".